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General biology : Cytology

par: S. SADAOUI Yahia Cherif Et ses collègues
Disponible
Pages 150
Dimensions 16*23,5
Publication 2025-10-25
Éditeur —
Papier : 950.00 DA Numérique: 475.00 DA

Cell biology is the study of the cell, the fundamental unit—both structural and functional—of every living organism. This work aims to present the main cellular organelles—those specialized structures located within the cytoplasm—by describing their structural and biochemical characteristics, and then detailing their respective roles in cellular function. Readers will discover, in particular, the three-layered architecture of the plasma membrane that envelops the cell, as well as the membranes that delineate the various organelles or endomembranes, thereby illustrating the concept of membrane unity. Special attention is paid to the chemical composition of these membranes, which share remarkable similarities and form a functional continuum essential for the biosynthesis of the cell’s diverse biochemical compounds, reflecting the notion of membranous continuity. This volume, the result of a rigorous synthesis of recent publications in cell biology, is primarily intended for students in the common core of the Earth and Universe Sciences (STU, Geology) and Territorial Planning programs, for whom mastery of cellular concepts provides pertinent insights into biological and environmental processes. It is also addressed to students of Life and Natural Sciences, as well as those in Medical Sciences. Moreover, it serves as a valuable pedagogical resource for instructors preparing lectures, tutorials, and laboratory sessions in these disciplines. This work remains open to improvement, and any suggestions aimed at enriching or enhancing its content will be received with the utmost appreciation. We would like to pay special tribute to our teacher, Mrs. Fadhila Hamoudi, pioneer of General Biology at the University of Science and Technology Houari-Boumédiène (USTHB). Through her expertise, dedication, and passion, she has conveyed to generations of students the foundations and challenges of cell biology, inspiring the vocation of many future biologists. Her influence deeply informs this volume, and we extend to her our most sincere gratitude.

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Chapter 1: Prokaryotic Cells 09
I. Structure 10
II. Ultrastructure 11
III. Multiplication 19
IV. Quiz 20
V. Answers 25
Chapter 2: Plasma Membrane 29
I. Definition 30
II. Composition 31
III. Function 36
IV. Quiz 42
V. Answers 46
Chapter 3: Cell Cycle–Interphase Nucleus–Chromosomes 47
I. Cell Cycle 48
II. Interphase Nucleus 53
III. Quiz 61
IV. Answers 65
Chapter 4: Endomembrane System 69
I. The endoplasmic reticulum 71
II. The golgi apparatus 74
III. Lysosomes
IV. The plant vacuole 78
V. Quiz 79
VI. Answers 83
Chapter 5: Endomembrane System 85
I. Definition 23 86
II. General Characteristics 23 86
III. Structure And Ultrastructure of the Mitochondrion 87
IV. Mitochondrial Roles 89
V. OtherFunctions 90
VI. Origin And Biogenesis 90
VII. Quiz 91
VIII. answers 95
Chapter 6: Chloroplasts 97
I. Definition 98
II. Characteristics 98
III. Ultrastructure and Chemical Composition 98
IV. Physiological Roles 104
V. Quiz 111
VI. Answers 115
Chapter 7: Endosymbiotic Theory 117
I. Introduction 118
II. Quiz 120
III. Answers 124
Chapter 8: The Plant Cell 125
I. The Cell Wall 126
II. Plastes 131
III. Vacuole
IV. Quiz 133
V. Answers 137
Annexes 139
References
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