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Electrical Machines Fundamentals of Electrotechnics 2

par: Pr. Samir BENSAID Dr. Hamza HOUASSINE
Disponible
Pages 300
Dimensions 16*23,5
Publication 2024-07-04
Éditeur —
Papier : 1 400.00 DA Numérique: 700.00 DA

This book entitled "Fundamentals of Electrotechnics II - Course & solved exercises" is intended for students in their 2nd year of a Bachelor's degree in Electrical Engineering and students in their 3rd year of a Bachelor's degree in Electro- mechanics. It can also be used by students at high schools and institutes specializing in Electrical Engineering. This book covers the fundamentals of transformers and rotating machines. These two families of converters are used in many industrial sectors and domestic applications. The content of this book, presented in five chapters, is entirely based on the official national programs for the Bachelor's degree in Electrical Engineering. In each chapter, we have taken care to present the essentials of the course and several application exercises that cover all the fundamental concepts related to the converter studied in the chapter in question. The first chapter deals with Magnetostatic and Magnetic circuits. The second chapter presents static converters. Single-phase transformers are covered in detail. The final section covers the essentials of three-phase transformers. As the rotating asynchronous machine is an electromechanical converter with a model identical, to within a few coefficients, to that of the transformer (static converter), we have chosen to begin the electromechanical converters section with this type of machine. The third chapter is therefore devoted to three-phase asynchronous machines in motor operation. But before studying these, it's very important to introduce the concepts of pulsating and rotating magnetic fields. The fourth chapter deals with three-phase synchronous rotating machines, with more emphasis on generator operation. The fifth and final chapter is devoted to the theory of DC machines and their application to generator and motor operation.

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Preface 03
Table of Contents 05
Chapter 1 Magnetostatic and magnetic circuits 09
1.1. Introduction 10
1.2. Ampère's law and applications
1.3. Flux ϕ and magnetic flux density B
1.3.1 Magnetic flux density B in air
1.3.2 Magnetic flux density B in iron
1.4. Magnetic losses 16
1.5. Magnetic permeability and reluctance
1.6. Equivalent diagram of magnetic circuits
1.6.1 Toroidal magnetic circuit 19
1.6.2 Toroidal magnetic circuit with air gap
1.6.3 Magnetic core with parallel branches
1.7. Induced e.m.f. e(t) - Faraday - Lenz
1.8. Magnetic energy 21
1.9. Boucherot's Law 21
1.10. Air core inductor (ACI) model
1.11. Model of iron-core inductor (ICI)
1.11.1. Inductance alone 22
1.11.2. Inductance with a parallel resistance
1.11.3. Inductance with two resistances in parallel and series
1.11.4. Two inductances and two resistances
1.11.5. Model of iron-core inductor with Kapp Hypothesis
1.12. Model of iron-core inductor with core saturation 10
 Application exercises 28
 Solutions of Exercises 37
Chapter 2 Transformers 53
2.1. Introduction 54
2.2. Single phase transformer 54
2.2.1. Constitution 54
2.2.2. Operating principle 55
2.2.3. Transformer representation 56
2.2.4. Ideal Transformer 58
2.2.5. Real/Practical transformer
2.2.5.1. Equivalent circuit diagram 60
2.2.5.2. Voltage equations: 61
2.2.5.3. Current equations: 62
2.2.5.4. Simplified electrical diagram - Kapp assumption 62
2.2.5.5. Transformer vector diagram 64
2.2.5.6. Calculation of secondary voltage drop 65
2.2.5.7. Transformer load behavior 66
2.2.5.8. Losses and efficiency of a transformer 67
2.2.5.9. Identification of equivalent diagram elements 69
2.3. Three-phase transformers 73
2.3.1. Constitution and operation 74
2.3.2. Coupling modes 77
2.3.3. Transformation ratio and hour index 78
2.3.4. Equivalent diagram of three-phase transformer 86
2.3.5. Identification of equivalent diagram elements 87
2.3.6. Balanced operation 88
 Application Exercises 90
 Solution of Exercises 101
Chapter 3 Asynchronous Machines 125
3.1. Introduction 126
3.2. Laplace's law and moment of forces 127
3.3. Rotating magnetic field, EM torque3.3. Rotating magnetic field, EM torque
3.3.1. Winding arrangement in a rotating machine 130
3.3.2. M.M.F produced by an n-turn undistributed coil (m>1) with diametral pitch
3.3.3. M.M.F produced by n-turn distributed coil (m>1) with diametral pitch 135
3.3.4. Pulsating magnetic field - Leblanc's theorem 137
3.3.5. Rotating magnetic field (RMF) - Ferraris theorem 138
3.3.6. Induced electromotive force by r.m.f 142
3.3.7. Electromagnetic torque produced by r.m.f 144
3.3.8. Three-phase multipole windings 146
3.4. Asynchronous machines (ASM) 147
3.4.1. Asynchronous machine structure 147
3.4.2. Operating principle of the asynchronous machine 148
3.4.3. Equivalent electrical diagram of asynchronous machine 150
3.4.4. Electromagnetic torque 152
3.4.5. Asynchronous machine operation and stability
3.4.6. Power balance and efficiency of ASM 156
3.4.7. Simplified circle diagram of the ASM 158
3.4.8. Main characteristics of the asynchronous machine 166
3.4.9. Starting asynchronous motors 168
 Application Exercises 170
 Solution of Exercises 184
Chapter 4 Synchronous Machines 209
4.1. Introduction 210
4.2. Synchronous generator composition 211
4.3. No-load operation of the synchronous generator 212
4.4. On-load operation of the synchronous generator 214
4.4.1. Armature magnetic reaction (AMR) 214
4.4.1.1. Purely inductive load 216
4.4.1.2. Purely resistive load 217
4.4.1.3. Purely capacitive load 217
4.5. Behn Eschunburg diagram (Synchronous reactance) 223
4.5.1. Assumptions of the Behn-Eschunburg diagram 224
4.5.2. Equations and equivalent diagram - Behn-Eschunburg 224
4.5.4. Construction of the Behn-Eschunburg diagram 227
4.6. Energy balance and efficiency 228
4.7. Alternator operating stability coupled to a network 230
 Application exercises 233
 Solutions of exercises 239
Chapter 5 Direct Curent Machine (DCM) 257
5.1. Introduction 258
5.2. Constitution of the DC machine 258
5.3. General switching principle 259
5.4. Electromotive force generation in a DC machine 260
5.4.1. Case of a bipolar machine 261
5.4.2. Case of a machine with p pole pairs 262
5.5. Generating electromagnetic torque in a DC machine 262
5.5.1. Case of a bipolar machine 263
5.6. Electromagnetic power 264
5.7. Different DC machine excitation modes 264
5.8. Machine with separate or independent excitation 265
5.8.1. Steady-state machine equations 265
5.8.2. Characteristics separately excited machine in generator mode 266
5.9. Shunt excitation machine
5.9.1. Equations de la machine en régime permanent 269
5.9.2. Voltage build-up in shunt generator 269
5.9.3. Shunt motor 271
5.10. Energy balance and efficiency 272
 Application exercises 274
 Solutions of exercises 299
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